德语助手

Lin­gu­is­tik = Sprachwissenschaft(en)
Philologie = Wissenschaft, die sich mit der Erforschung von Texten in einer bestimmten Sprache beschäftigt; Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft.
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Philologie (griechisch φιλολογία philología,lat. philologia, aus φίλος und λόγος, wörtlich „Liebe zur Sprache“)[1] ist die zusammenfassende Bezeichnung für die Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft einer Sprache oder eines Sprachzweiges.

節錄:
Philologie 語文學，偏重從文獻角度研究 ”語言和文字”， 一般包括文字學、訓詁學、音韻學、校勘學等。

Lin­gu­is­tik 語言學是研究所有人類語文發展有關的一門學術科目（通常只有根據”語言”，非文字）。
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它們的從屬，交集，… 就不清楚了！

英語或說在美國（注意： 每個地區會有不同闡釋）
Before the 20th century, the term ””philology””, first attested in 1716,[20] was commonly used to refer to the science of language, which was then predominantly historical in focus.[21][22]Since Ferdinand de Saussure's insistence on the importance of synchronic analysis, however, this focus has shifted[23] and the term "philology" is now generally used for the "study of a language's grammar, history, and literary tradition", especially in the United States[24] (where philology has never been very popularly considered as the "science of language").[25]

Although the term ""linguist"" in the sense of "a student of language" dates from 1641,[26] the term "linguistics" is first attested in 1847.[26] It is now the common academic term in English for the scientific study of language.

Today, the term ””linguist”” applies to someone who studies language or is a researcher within the field, or to someone who uses the tools of the discipline to describe and analyse specific languages.[27]

@cmChao 谢谢了！